Do I need a VPN?

What a VPN does

A VPN (virtual private network) creates an encrypted connection between your device and the VPN company's servers. Which? explains that this hides details such as the websites you visit from your internet provider, the network you're on and anyone trying to snoop on it. It can also make it look as if you're connecting from another place.

Who is likely to benefit

• People who regularly use public Wi-Fi — cafés, hotels, trains, airports. Which? describes a VPN as a handy tool against poorly secured networks and opportunistic hackers. See is airport Wi-Fi safe?
• Frequent travellers and people who work on the move, who can't always choose the network they use.
• Anyone who wants more privacy from their broadband provider or from the network they're connected to.

Who probably doesn't need one

• You mostly use home broadband and mobile data. Which? notes that mobile data is already encrypted, and that email and most websites — particularly banking and shopping — have their own encryption.
• You mainly use trusted apps for banking, shopping and email.
• You were hoping it would stop scams. It won't.

What a VPN does not do

• It doesn't stop scams or phishing. If you type your details into a fake website, a VPN won't save them. Which? says a VPN won't identify or fight malware, phishing or ransomware.
• It doesn't make you anonymous. Which? points out that when you're logged in to a website, that site — and third parties — can still track you. Cookies already on your device stay active.
• It doesn't hide you from the VPN company. Which? says you're handing your privacy to the VPN provider rather than your internet provider, and the provider can still see your data.
• It doesn't replace the basics. You still need to keep your devices updated and use two-factor authentication and strong, unique passwords.

Some banking, shopping and streaming sites may block or struggle with VPN connections, according to Which?. You can switch the VPN off for those.

If you use Safari on Apple devices

Which? notes that if you pay for iCloud+ and use Safari, Apple's Private Relay hides your IP address and Safari browsing. Which? says it isn't a VPN, as you can't use it to set your location outside the UK, but it may be enough for some people.

What to look for in a VPN

1. A clear, independently audited no-logs policy. Because the provider can see your traffic, you want evidence — ideally a published independent audit — that it doesn't keep records of what you do.
2. A kill switch. Which? explains this cuts your internet connection if the VPN drops, so nothing is sent unprotected.
3. Enough devices. Check how many phones, tablets and laptops one subscription covers.
4. A reputable, established company with clear contact details and a clear privacy policy.
5. Clear pricing. Which? found many VPNs start cheap and then renew automatically at a much higher price. Note the renewal date and price when you sign up.
6. Download it from the provider's own site or its official app store link. Which? found scam VPN apps on Apple's App Store that copied a legitimate company's details.

Free or paid?

Which? found free VPNs tended to be slower or more limited: many cap how much data you can use, offer only a UK location, show lots of adverts, or turn out to be trials. Some may be fine for light use.

The bottom line on need

If you use public Wi-Fi often or want more privacy from your network, a VPN is a reasonable tool. If you don't, your time is better spent on updates, passwords and two-step verification. Our Digital Life Score shows where you'd get the most benefit.

Sources

• Do you really need a VPN? — Which? (opens in a new tab)
• Best VPNs 2026: find a fast and secure VPN that won't risk your data — Which? (opens in a new tab)
• How to keep your data safe when using public wi-fi – 8 quick tips — Which? (opens in a new tab)
• Top tips for staying secure online — National Cyber Security Centre (opens in a new tab)

Last checked: 22 September 2026